The diagnosis underlying a presentation of musculoskeletal pain is not always clear. One of these ill-defined conditions is myofascial pain syndrome (MPS), associated with myofascial trigger points (MTrPs). MTrPs are defined as hyper-irritable points located within a taut band of skeletal muscle or fascia which when compressed cause referred pain, local tenderness, and autonomic changes. MTrPs are classified as active or latent. Almost all adults have latent MTrPs in most skeletal muscles and latent MTrPs may develop with repetitive minor traumas to nerves or muscles. MPS includes any phenomenon due to activation of latent MTrPs as a consequence of a certain pathological conditions: e.g., chronic repetitive minor muscle strain, poor posture, systemic disease, neuromusculoskeletal lesions. Clinically, if an MTrP is not appropriately treated and associated underlying pathological lesion not eliminated, it can be expanded to other regions and develop other active MTrPs. Despite current debates, this article concentrates on the merit and usefulness of treatment for MPS. (Clinical Pain 2016;15:83-85)

KeywordsMyofascial pain syndrome, Trigger points, Muscle, Fascia